Atomic Mass Concepts and Problems

1. Which isotope is used as the reference point for calculating atomic masses of all other elements?

Oxygen-16 Carbon-12 Hydrogen-1 Nitrogen-14

2. Silver has two isotopes, Ag-1 (106.90509 amu, 51.84% abundance) and Ag-2. The average atomic mass is 107.90 amu. Calculate the atomic mass of Ag-2.

109.0 amu 107.0 amu 106.0 amu 108.9 amu

3. The isotopes of lithium, Li-6 and Li-7, have atomic masses 6.0151 amu and 7.0610 amu. The average atomic mass is 6.941 amu. Calculate the natural abundances of these isotopes.

11.4% Li-6 and 88.6% Li-7 100% Li-7 88.6% Li-6 and 11.4% Li-7 50% each

4. Atomic mass is measured in which units?

Moles (mol) Kilograms (kg) Grams (g) Atomic mass units (amu)

5. Nitrogen has two isotopes, N-14 (14.0031 amu) and N-15 (15.0001 amu). The average atomic mass is 14.0067 amu. Calculate the percentage abundance of the lighter isotope.

99.64% 0.36% 100% 50%

6. What does the average atomic mass represent?

Mass of the lightest isotope Sum of protons and neutrons Mass of the heaviest isotope Weighted average mass of all naturally occurring isotopes of an element

7. Silicon has three major isotopes: Si-28 (27.98 amu), Si-29 (4.70% abundance), and Si-30 (3.09% abundance). What is the missing percentage abundance of Si-28?

88.00% 92.21% 95.00% 90.00%

8. What is the atomic mass (atomic weight)?

The number of protons in an atom The mass of an individual atom measured in atomic mass units (amu) The total number of electrons in an atom The number of neutrons in an atom

9. Given isotopes C-12 (12.00 amu, 98.9%) and C-13 (13.0034 amu, 1.11%), calculate the average atomic mass of carbon.

13.00 amu 11.99 amu 12.50 amu 12.01 amu

10. Calculate the average atomic mass of an element with isotopes A (mass 23.985 amu, 78.99%), B (mass 24.985 amu, 10.00%), and C (mass 25.983 amu, 11.01%).

24.00 amu 23.50 amu 25.00 amu 24.25 amu

11. Given the isotopes of Silicon: Si-28 (27.98 amu, 92.21%), Si-29 (unknown mass, 4.70%), and Si-30 (29.97 amu, 3.09%), calculate the atomic mass of Si-29.

30.00 amu 29.00 amu 27.00 amu 28.09 amu